Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of sleep disorders in adolescents

Background: Sleep is vital for adolescents’ physical and emotional development; however, sleep disturbances disorders frequently occur in this age group affect their health well-being. In review, we investigated the prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, treatment of observed among adolescents.Current Concepts: The diagnostic criteria insomnia disorder adolescents include difficulties falling asleep, maintaining sleep, or waking up too early feeling unrefreshed, which are at least 3 days per week over more months. Cognitive-behavioral therapy typically includes identifying addressing negative thoughts behaviors associated with establishing a consistent sleep-wake schedule. Delayed phase syndrome diagnosed individuals whom onset wake times persistently delayed by 2 hours beyond desired existing schedule, leads to excessive daytime sleepiness impaired functioning. Behavioral interventions comprise hygiene education, relaxation techniques, phototherapy. Symptoms such as pronounced snoring, apnea others, gasping pauses breathing during may indicate apnea. Continuous positive airway pressure an effective strategy A history cataplexy suggests narcolepsy, options pharmacotherapy, behavior modification, lifestyle adjustments. Restless leg treatments behavioral therapy, well anticonvulsant dopamine receptor agonist administration.Discussion Conclusion: Addressing important promote optimal well-being requires multidisciplinary approach. Early detection, accurate individualized improve overall outcomes academic social success.